Niba urimo gukora ibicuruzwa nkibikoresho byo murugo, akanama gashinzwe umutekano, sisitemu yinjira-umuryango cyangwa sisitemu ya mudasobwa, urashobora guhitamo kwerekana urusaku nkuburyo bwonyine bwo guhura nabakoresha cyangwa nkigice cyurubuga rukomeye rwabakoresha.
Na Bruce Rose, Umuyobozi mukuru ushinzwe porogaramu, ibikoresho bya CUI
Muri ibyo aribyo byose, buzzer irashobora kuba uburyo buhendutse kandi bwizewe bwo kwemeza itegeko, ryerekana imiterere yibikoresho cyangwa inzira, guhita bikorana, cyangwa kuzamura impuruza.
Icyibanze, buzzer mubisanzwe ni ubwoko bwa magnetique cyangwa piezoelectric.Guhitamo kwawe gushobora guterwa nibiranga ibimenyetso bya disiki, cyangwa ibisohoka amajwi asabwa hamwe n'umwanya uhari urahari.Urashobora kandi guhitamo hagati yubwoko nubwoko bwa transducer, ukurikije amajwi wifuza hamwe nubuhanga bwo kuzenguruka-buhanga kuriwe.
Reka turebe amahame yinyuma yuburyo butandukanye hanyuma turebe niba ubwoko bwa magnetiki cyangwa piezo (hamwe no guhitamo ibipimo cyangwa ibikorwa) bishobora kuba byiza kumushinga wawe.
Magnetic buzzers
Magnetic buzzers ni ibikoresho bigendanwa nubu, mubisanzwe bisaba 20mA gukora.Umuvuduko ukoreshwa urashobora kuba munsi ya 1.5V cyangwa kugeza kuri 12V.
Nkuko ishusho ya 1 ibigaragaza, uburyo bugizwe na coil hamwe na disiki ya ferromagnetic yoroheje.Iyo ikigezweho cyanyuze muri coil, disiki ikururwa yerekeza kuri coil hanyuma igasubira mumwanya usanzwe mugihe ikigezweho kitatemba.
Uku gutandukana kwa disiki gutuma umwuka uri hafi yimuka, kandi ibi bisobanurwa nkijwi ni ugutwi kwabantu.Umuyoboro unyuze muri coil ugenwa na voltage ikoreshwa hamwe na coil impedance.
Igicapo 1. Magnetic buzzer kubaka hamwe nihame ryimikorere.
Piezo buzzers
Igishushanyo cya 2 cyerekana ibintu bya piezo buzzer.Disiki yibikoresho bya piezoelectric ishyigikiwe kumpande zuruzitiro kandi imashanyarazi ihimbwa kumpande zombi za disiki.Umuvuduko ukoreshwa kuri electrode utera ibikoresho bya piezoelectric guhinduka, bikavamo kugenda kwumwuka ushobora kugaragara nkijwi.
Bitandukanye na magnetiki buzzer, piezo buzzer nigikoresho gikoreshwa na voltage;voltage ikora mubisanzwe iri hejuru kandi irashobora kuba hagati ya 12V na 220V, mugihe ikiri munsi ya 20mA.Piezo buzzer yagereranijwe nka capacitor, mugihe magnetiki buzzer yagereranijwe nkigiceri gikurikiranye hamwe na résistoriste.
Igishushanyo 2. Piezo buzzer kubaka.
Kubwoko bwombi, inshuro zijwi ryumvikana byumvikanwa ninshuro yikimenyetso cyo gutwara kandi irashobora kugenzurwa murwego runini.Kurundi ruhande, mugihe piezo buzzers yerekana isano iri hagati yumurongo wibimenyetso byinjira nimbaraga zisohora amajwi, imbaraga zamajwi za magnetiki buzzers zigwa cyane hamwe nigabanuka ryikimenyetso.
Ibiranga ibimenyetso bya disiki ufite urashobora kugira ingaruka niba uhisemo magnetiki cyangwa piezo buzzer kubyo usaba.Ariko, niba amajwi ari ikintu cyingenzi gisabwa, piezo buzzers irashobora kubyara urwego rwo hejuru rwumuvuduko wijwi (SPL) kuruta urusaku rwa magnetique ariko nanone rukunda kugira ikirenge kinini.
Icyerekana cyangwa transducer
Icyemezo cyo guhitamo icyerekezo cyangwa ubwoko bwa transducer kiyobowe nurwego rwamajwi asabwa hamwe nigishushanyo cyumuzunguruko ujyanye no gutwara no kugenzura buzzer.
Ikimenyetso kizana umuzunguruko wubatswe mubikoresho.Ibi byoroshya ibishushanyo mbonera (ishusho 3), bigafasha gucomeka no gukina, kugirango bigabanuke guhinduka.Mugihe ukeneye gusa gukoresha voltage ya dc, umuntu arashobora kubona gusa ibimenyetso byamajwi bikomeza cyangwa bisunitswe kuva inshuro zagenwe imbere.Ibi bivuze ko amajwi menshi yumurongo nka sirena cyangwa chimes bidashoboka hamwe nibimenyetso byerekana.
Igicapo 3. Ikimenyetso cyerekana amajwi gitanga amajwi iyo dc ikoreshwa.
Hatariho umuzunguruko utwara ibinyabiziga byubatswe, transducer iguha guhinduka kugirango ugere kumajwi atandukanye ukoresheje imirongo itandukanye cyangwa imiterere ya waves.Usibye amajwi y'ibanze akomeza cyangwa asunitswe, urashobora kubyara amajwi nko kuburira amajwi menshi, sirena cyangwa chimes.
Igishushanyo cya 4 cyerekana umuzenguruko wa porogaramu ya magnetiki transducer.Guhindura mubisanzwe ni bipolar transistor cyangwa FET kandi ikoreshwa muguhindura ibyishimo.Kubera induction ya coil, diode yerekanwe mubishushanyo irakenewe kugirango uhagarike voltage ya flake mugihe transistor yazimye vuba.
Igicapo 4. Transducer ya magnetiki isaba ikimenyetso cyo kwishima, transistor ya amplifier na diode kugirango ikore voltage ituruka.
Urashobora gukoresha umuzunguruko usa na transducer ya piezo.Kuberako piezo transducer ifite inductance nkeya, diode ntabwo isabwa.Nyamara, umuzenguruko ukenera uburyo bwo kugarura voltage mugihe switch ifunguye, ibyo bikaba byakorwa wongeyeho rezistor mu mwanya wa diode, ku giciro cyo gukwirakwiza ingufu nyinshi.
Umuntu arashobora kandi kongera urwego rwijwi mukuzamura voltage ya pe-to-peak ikoreshwa kuri transducer.Niba ukoresheje umuzenguruko wuzuye-ikiraro nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 5, voltage ikoreshwa irikubye kabiri amashanyarazi aboneka, iguha ingufu za majwi 6dB zisohoka.
Igicapo 5. Gukoresha umuzenguruko wikiraro birashobora gukuba kabiri voltage ikoreshwa kuri transducer ya piezo, igatanga 6 dB yimbaraga zamajwi.
Umwanzuro
Buzzers iroroshye kandi ihendutse, kandi guhitamo kugarukira mubyiciro bine by'ibanze: magnetiki cyangwa piezoelectric, icyerekezo cyangwa transducer.Magnetic buzzers irashobora gukora kuva kuri voltage yo hasi ariko ikenera amashanyarazi menshi kuruta ubwoko bwa piezo.Piezo buzzers irashobora kubyara SPL yo hejuru ariko ikunda kugira ikirenge kinini.
Urashobora gukoresha indangururamajwi hamwe na voltage ya dc gusa cyangwa ugahitamo transducer kumajwi menshi akomeye niba ubasha kongeramo ibintu bikenewe hanze.Igishimishije, ibikoresho bya CUI bitanga urutonde rwa magnetiki na piezo buzzers haba mubyerekana cyangwa ubwoko bwa transducer kugirango uhitemo buzzer kubishushanyo byawe byoroshye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-12-2023
